Upper Canada

Upper Canada is the ancestor of the present-day province of Ontario, Canada. It was established by the British government in 1791, to separate its new North American colony, then undergoing a major wave of immigration from the British Isles and from the United States, from the French-majority Lower Canada (present-day Quebec). In 1841, the two Canadas were joined into a single "United Canada", as a response to the French-led rebellion in Lower Canada in 1837, then in 1867 the two colonies were split once again into Ontario and Quebec when the Canadian Confederation - the original core of present-day Canada - was formed.

Upper Canada corresponds roughly to the southern third of present-day Ontario, but includes almost all of its populated areas; the lands around Hudson Bay and James Bay were only split between Ontario and Quebec after Confederation.